Present Simple, Past Simple

 

                              1.  Present Simple

                      2.  Present Simple

                    3.  Present Simple

                    4.  Present Simple

                     5.  Past Simple

                       5.  Past Simple

                          6.  Past Simple

                   

                         7.  Past Simple

                            8.  Past Simple

Grammar a few, a lot of, lots of

A LOT OF, LOTS OF, MANY, MUCH,

(A) FEW AND (A) LITTLE

I. Correct the following sentences:

1. Mark was only spending one night away. He quickly put a little things into a bag.

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2. Rachel is learning to drive. She hasn’t had much lessons yet.

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3. I’m making soup for twenty people. I’ll have to make a lot of.

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4. I feel really tired. I haven’t got many energy.

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5. The mixture looks rather dry. Maybe you should add a few water.

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6. We’re having a big party. We’ve invited a lots of friends.

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II. Put in a few, few, a little or little.

1. I don’t think I can lift this box on my own. I need ______ help.
2. ______ tourists visited Northern Ireland in the 1980s because of the terrorism there.
3. The postman doesn’t often come here. We receive _____________ letters.
4. The snow was quite deep. There seemed __________ hope of completing our journey.
5. Trevor isn’t finding it easy to fix the shelves. He’s having _________ trouble.
6. Sarah is exhausted. She’s having _________ days’ holiday next week.
7. David quite likes golf, but unfortunately he has ________ ability.
8. I can speak ________ words of Swedish, but I’m not very fluent.

III. Complete this paragraph from a travel book. Put in many, few, much or little.

The main town on the island is very small and does not have _______ important buildings. The islanders do not have _____ money. And they have _________ contact with the outside world. There is not _______ chance of the place attracting large numbers of tourists. The roads are not very good. There are lots of bicycles but not _______ cars. In addition, there are hardly any of the modern facilities which visitors expect. There are _____ shops, and there is _____ entertainment. 

Grammar about Much and Many

How to use much and many in the correct way in English speaking and writing well.

Much / many

The words much and many mean a lot of.

• If a noun is in singular, we use much

Example:

much money

• If a noun is in plural, we use many

Example:

many friends

Use of much / many

In everyday English, we normally use much / many only in questions and negative clauses.

Example:

How much money have you got?

Carla does not have many friends.

In positive clauses with so, as or too, we also use much / many.

Example:

Carla has so many friends.

She has as many friends as Sue.

Kevin has too much money.

In all other positive clauses, however, we prefer expressions like a lot of / lots of.

Example:

Carla has a lot of / lots of friends.

Kevin has a lot of / lots of money.

In formal texts, however, much / many are also common in positive clauses. This you will notice for 

example when you read English news.

Countable / Uncountable Nouns

In connection with much / many people often speak of countable nouns and uncountable nouns.
Countable nouns have a singular and a plural form. In plural, these nouns can be used with a number (that's why they are called 'countable nouns'). Countable nouns take many.

Example:

100 friends – many friends

Uncountable nouns can only be used in singular. These nouns cannot be used with a number (that's why they are called 'uncountable nouns'). Uncountable nouns take much.

Example:

100 money – much money

Note: Of course you can count money – but then you would name the currency and say that you have got 5 euro (but not „5 money“).

Exercise on much and many

Exercise 4

Decide whether you have to use much or many.

1. There is too water in the bath tub.
2. How brothers and sisters has Anne got?
3. I don't receive letters nowadays.
4. How rice do you eat per week?
5. I put too salt in the soup.
6. How people were at the party?
7. It doesn't make sense.
8. There wasn't traffic on the motorway.
9. My grandfather does not have hair, anymore.
10. How plates do we need?

Exercise on much and many

Exercise 5

Decide whether you have to use much or many.

1. She has so friends!
2. Too cooks spoil the broth.
3. Hurry up. I don't have so time.
4. We went to a dairy yesterday. I had never seen so cows before.
5. It's also quite amazing how milk these cows produce every day.
6. You have too money. Won't you share it with me?
7. There are so poor people in the world.
8. There are too children in the house.
9. My father doesn't drink coffee.
10. How of you have ever been to London?

Now decide which word is needed to complete these sentences:

·         1 - How ___ kittens did your cat have?

much
many

·         2 - There are not ___ dishes left to clean.

much
many

·         3 - Why was there so ___ smoke in the room?

much
many

·         4 - There were so ___ people on the bus I got off and walked.

much
many

·         5 - We don't see ___ birds in winter.

much
many

·         6 - How ___ money should I save?

many
much

·         7 - We couldn't think of ___ good ideas.

many
much

·         8 - Does this TV use ___ electricity?

many
much

·         9 - Is our teacher going to give us ___ homework?

many
much

·         10 - There's ___ information to remember.

much
a lot of
many

Grammar Article ( a, an, and the)

How to use (a, an, and the)

1. We use (a) for ganeral thing which is not specifict noun.

Eample: I am a teacher at my school.

2. We use (a) before singular noun and before the consonant sounds.

Example: It is a book.

3. We use an before vowel sounds.

Eample: It is an apple.

              It is an elephant.

              it is an armchair.

4. We use the for the specifict thing.

Example: It is a red book. The red book is yours.

5. We use the for only one thing in the world.

Example: the sun.

               

                the moon

               

            

    the sea

6. We  use the befor supperlative adjective.

easy                  easier                the easiest

bigg                  bigger               the biggest

7. We sue the with part of the day.

Example:

             in the morning

             in the afternoon

             in the evening

Grammar About Some and Any

Negative

In negative clauses, we use any. Note, however, that any alone is not a negative - it must be not ... any

Example:

I have not bought any bread.

I have not bought any apples.

Questions

In questions, we usually use any.

Example:

Have you bought any bread?

Have you bought any apples?

Compound Words with some & any

Some & any can also be part of compound words such as:

• something / anything
• someone / anyone
• somewhere / anywhere

Note that some & any have to be used with a noun while compound words with some & any can stand on their own.

Example:

I have bought some bread.

I have bought something.

However, some and any need not stand directly before the noun. Sometimes, the noun appears somewhere before some or any and is not repeated. So if you are not sure whether to use some or something for example, check if there is a noun in the sentence that you can place after some.

Example:

I do not have to buy bread. Rachel has already bought some [bread].

Exceptions

Positive Clauses with Any

We usually use some in positive clauses. But after never, without, hardly, we use any.

Example:

We never go anywhere.

She did her homework without any help.

There’s hardly anyone here.

Also in if clauses, we usually use any.

Example:

If there is anything to do, just call me.

Questions with Some

We usually use any in questions. But if we expect or want the other to answer ‚yes‘, we use some.

Example:

Have you got any brothers and sisters?

→ some people have brothers or sisters, others don't - we cannot expect the answer to be ‚yes‘

Would you like some biscuits?

Fill in the correct word (some or any).

1. Sue went to the cinema with someany of her friends!
2. Jane doesn't have someany friends.
3. Have you got someany brothers or sisters?
4. Here is someany food for the cat.
5. I think you should put someany flowers on the table.
6. Could you check if there are someany calls on the answering machine?
7. I don't want someany presents for my birthday.
8. Did they have someany news for you?
9. I'm hungry - I'll have someany sandwiches.
10. There aren't someany apples left.

grammar about there is and there are

1. We use there is with singular noun or uncount nouns

Example: there + is+ singular noun.

There is a red book on the table.

There is a dog in my the car. He is cute, I love him.

There is a window in the my room.

There is a cat on the bed.

There is a bat against the bed.

2. We use there are with plural nouns

Example: There + are + plural noun.

There are two pictures in the wall.

Thare are some books on the floor.

There are two red cars infront of the library.

There are two trees in the garden.

There are three cats on the roof.

Grammar past simple